植物生长调节剂对油茶果实含油率的影响

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on the Promotion of Fruit Oil Content of Camellia oleifera

以油茶优良无性系为材料,对其喷施植物生长调节剂,测定油茶果实含油率的变化情况.结果表明:不同生长调节剂对油茶鲜果含油率的影响差异很大,B-9、GA和乙烯利等3种生长调节剂对油茶鲜果含油量的提高有明显的促进作用,比对照增22.4%、16.2%和11.2%,喷施生长调节剂后,还可使油茶鲜果含油量的快速积累提前到9月上旬;叶面喷施GA和B-9可以促进油茶种仁含油量提高42.6%和40.4%,比对照增18.0%和11.9%;喷施稀土和NAA对提高种仁含油率有反作用;油茶鲜果出籽率在8月中旬到10月下旬期间,呈现马鞍形增长的趋势,但喷施生长调节剂对其作用不明显;油茶果实后熟期以不同生长调节剂处理,对茶果出油率和出干籽率提高有促进作用,喷施赤霉素加萘乙酸(GA+NAA)和只喷施赤霉素(GA)的处理出油率最高达6.01%和5.95%,分别比对照增22.1%和20.9%.

Six types of plant growth regulators have been employed on the superior clone of Camellia oleifera by foliage spraying, with different effects on the oil content of fresh fruit. The oil content of 6-benzylamino-purine （6-BA）, Gibberellic acid （GA3） and Ethephon has increased respectively by 22.4%, 16. 2% and 11.2%. Its speeding accumulation in fresh fruit was brought about in September by spraying regulators. Spraying 6-BA and GA3 also improved the oil content of seed kernel by 42.6% and 40.4%, with 18. 0% and 11.9% more than that of the control. Rare earth （RE） and 1-naphthyacetic acid （NAA） had negative effects on the oil content of seed kernel. The ratio of the seed output of fresh fruit showed an increase of ＂saddle-shape＂ during mid August and late October, and all the regulators had no effect on it. There were distinct effects on the oil-extraction from seeds and on the dry seed ratio from fresh fruit by spraying plant growth regulators during the late stage of fruit ripening. The highest oil-extraction from fresh fruit reached 6.01% and 5.95% by spraying （GA3＋NAA） and GA3, with 22.1% and 20. 9% more than that of the control.