生物农药阿维菌素的NEL和ADI研究

Study on the NEL and ADI of Abamectin

研究了阿维菌素原药的急性和亚慢性毒性及致突变性。结果显示,大鼠经口LD50雌雄性均为21.5mg/kg,小鼠经口LD50雌性为68.1mg/kg,雄性为38.3mg/kg,大鼠经皮LD50雌雄性均大于2000mg/kg。家兔急性皮肤刺激试验,对皮肤的刺激强度属无刺激性。家兔眼刺激试验,对眼的刺激强度属轻度刺激性。小鼠骨髓多染红细胞微核试验和小鼠睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变试验均为阴性。大鼠亚慢性经口毒性试验,21.5mg/kg饲料组雌性大鼠体重增加量低于对照组,雌雄性大鼠食物利用率低于对照组,雌雄性大鼠心/体比、肺/体比、肾/体比高于对照组,雌性大鼠脑/体比高于对照组,雄性大鼠脾/体比低于对照组,雌雄性大鼠血液生化指标ALB、GLU高于对照组。最大无作用剂量(NEL)为:雌性大鼠(0.796±0.062)mg/kg·d,雄性大鼠(0.635±0.056)mg/kg·d。若以安全系数100倍考虑,人的每日允许摄入量(ADI)应为0.0058mg/kg·bw。

The acute, subchronic toxicity, mutagenesis studies of abamectin on rats, rabbits and mice had been reported. LD50 was 21.5 mg/kg in female rats and male rats by oral, LD50 was 68.1 mg/kg in female mice and 38.3 mg/kg in male mice by oral, LD50 was 〉2 000 mg/kg in female rats and male rats by dermal. The pesticide was not irritant to the skin of rabbits and had mild irritation to the eyes by draize test. The test results of micronucleus and chromosome aberration in mice were all negative. The study of suhchronic toxicity in rats showed that the decrease in body weight, food efficiency, the organ coefficient of spleen, the increase in the organ coefficient of （brain, heart, lung, kidney）, ALB, GLU, were observed at dose of 21.5 mg/kg food. It was suggested that NEL was （0.796±0.062） mg/kg-d in female rats and （0.635±0.056） mg/kg-d in male rats. ADI was 0.0058 mg/kg,bw by 100 safety factor.