公民的历史变迁

Historical Change of Citizenship

作为现代宪法学的一个基石范畴之一,公民概念并不是像有的学者所认为的那样是现代国家才产生的,相反,这一概念具有悠久的历史传统。公民概念产生于古希腊城邦,经过古罗马的法律化、中世纪的普遍化,及近代人们认识上的曲折,才具备现代立宪政治下的普适性含义。

The concept of citizenship as one of the basic categories of modem constitutional jurisprudence does not come up in modem states, as some scholars believe, but on the contrary it has a long historical tradition. It comes up in ancient Greek city-states, is legalized in ancient Rome and generalized in the Middle Ages, and goes through intricacies of people＇ s understanding, to have its modem universal constitutionalist import.