世俗化与法国天主教的现代定位

The Secularization and the Contemporary Orientation of Catholicism in France

本文主要分为三个部分:第一部分,通过当前关于世俗化理论争论的梳理,说明法国世俗化问题的理论意义;第二部分,说明法国世俗化的特殊表现,强调了法国世俗化是一种非自然形式,是历史、理念、政治斗争交汇产生的结果,同时指出在西欧国家中,法国是世俗化表现最为激烈的国家;第三部分,通过分析法国天主教在世俗化之后的现代定位(包括组织定位、思想定位和文化定位),说明即使在法国被公认为完全世俗化的国度里,宗教仍然具有不可忽视的地位和影响。与现代化相结合的世俗化理论值得作出重要的修正。

This paper comprises three parts. In the first part, it deals with the theoretical significance of the French secularization. In the second part, it illustrates the characteristics of the French secularization, and argues that the French secularization was unnatural and France ranked the most radical country in the process of the secularization. In the third part, by analyzing the contemporary orientation of Catholicism in France after secularization (including the orientations for organization, ideology and culture), it shows that even in France,the completely secularized country, Catholicism still played an significant role in the society. The theory about the secularization combining with modernization should be revised.