马尾口岸媒介生物调查结果分析

The survey of disease vectors at Mawei Port

目的了解马尾口岸媒介生物的构成情况,为媒介生物控制以及口岸传染病监测提供科学依据。方法根据马尾口岸地理分布和港口类型,抽取4个港区和1个居民点实施为期1年的调查。结果共捕鼠形动物226只,鼠密度2.75%,经鉴定隶属2目2科3属4种,臭鼩鼱为优势种群,其次是褐家鼠;带螨鼠35只,共检获革螨283只,总染螨率为15.49%,经鉴定隶属1科2属3种;带蚤鼠9只,共检获蚤25只,总染蚤率为3.98%,经鉴定隶属1科1属2种;鼠肺检测肾综合征出血热抗原135份,阳性12份,携带率为8.89%,阳性鼠主要为成年雄性褐家鼠;共捕获蝇类24047只,经鉴定隶属4科14属19种,年平均密度为100.2只/笼·日,以大头金蝇为优势蝇种;共捕获成蚊74只,平均蚊密度为2.47只/人工小时,隶属2属3种;共捕获蜚蠊1284只,年平均密度为0.546只/盒,成虫若虫比例为1:1.68,蜚蠊成虫隶属2科3属6种;蜱、蠓未捕获。结论基本了解马尾口岸媒介生物构成情况;马尾口岸居民区存在发生流行性出血热的危险。

Objective To understand the situation of disease vectors at Mawei Port, provide scientific data to vectors control and infectious disease surveillance. Methods 4 docks in harbor area and 1 residential area were chosed according to the port geographical features, detect 8 kinds of vectors （mouse, fly, mosquito etc.） for 1 year. Results Totally 226 rat were captured, and identified as 2 orders, 2 families, 3 genera,4 species, average rat density 2.75%; Suncus murinus is superior breed, Rattus norvegicus next; Acarid carrying rat 35, the rate is 15.49%; totally 283 acarids were captured and identified as 1 family, 1 genus, 3 species; Flea carrying rat 9, the caring rate of flea 3.98% ; 25 fleas were captured and identified as lfamily, 1 genus, 2 species; 135 samples of rat pulmonary were detected, 12 of them positive in HFRS test, the positive rate 8.89%; among the positive rat, adult male Rattus norvegicus is the main breed ; 24,047 flies were captured and identified as 4 families, 14 genera , 19 species; the annual average density of fly was 100.2 flies per cage, the big head golden fly was the superior breed; 74 adult mosquitoes were captured and identified as 2 genera, 3 species, the annual average density of mosquito was 2.47 mosquitoes per hour; 1,284 cockroaches were captured and identified as 3 families , 3 genera, 6 species, the annual average density of cockroach was 0.546 cockroach per box. The ratio of adult cockroach to larva was 1：1.68. No tick and midge was captured. Conclusion The background situation of disease vectors at Mawei Port was clearly understood; there is the possibility of emerging of Haemorrhage Fever with Renal Syndrome （HFRS） at the residential area of Mawei Port.