蓄电池激发极化的研究

A Study on Induced Polarization of Storage Batteries

蓄电池在电器设备中占有十分重要的地位。目前,电源中广泛使用的免维护铅酸蓄电池的所谓失效,都直接表现为内阻增大、端电压升高、容量不足、使用性能明显下降等。直接影响蓄电池内在质量的两个重要技术指标是,蓄电池的放电容量和蓄电池的循环使用次数,即使用寿命。蓄电池硫化的两个重要因素是极化电压和记忆效应。其中极化电压是在充电过程中,电荷堆积于蓄电池电极上而产生的反向电压,实际上表现为蓄电池的内阻增加。蓄电池激发极化是在充电的后半个周期的3/4时间段内,注入可变频率的激发脉冲于蓄电池内,使之与蓄电池极板上硫酸盐结晶产生共振,以此作为去极化的一种方法。

Storage batteries occupy a very important place in electric apparatus. The so called failure of maintenance-free lead-acid storage batteries widely used in power supplies directly appear in increased internal resistance, increased end voltage, insufficient capacity, remarkably decreased working performance etc. The two important technical parameters that directly affect the inherent quality of the storage batteries are discharge capacity and number of using cycles,i, e. usage life,of the batteries. The two important factors for sulphurization of the storage batteries are polarization voltageand memory effect. The polarization voltage is the inverse voltage created by charges accumulated at the electrodes during charging, appearing as an increment of internal resistance of the batteries. To induce polarization of a storage battery, put induced pulses at variable frequencies into the battery during the 3/4 time period of the second half of a charging cycle,which will resonate with the sulfate crystals on the plat electrodes,which is used as a method oF de-polarization.