西部贫困大学生心理健康状况与教育对策研究

The State of Psychological Well-being of Undergraduate Students from Western Poverty Areas and Its Policy Implications

本研究采取随机抽样的方法,对青海师范大学、青海民族学院、宁夏大学的538位本科生(男生235人,女生303人)进行问卷调查,研究工具包括GHQ-20问卷、自尊量表、主观幸福感指数量表、正性负性情绪量表。并在调查的基础上,随访了13名西部高校的教师和贫困生。调查结果显示,西部高校贫困大学生的心理健康和主观幸福感水平明显较低,表现为自卑、消极情绪体验多、负性情感较多等。贫困生的心理健康状况和主观幸福感在性别和民族上存在差异。

This study on mental health surveys 538 undergraduate students （235 males and 303 females） from Qinghai Normal University, Qinghai University for Nationalities and Ningxia University, using random sampling. The survey instruments comprise GHQ-20 scale, self-esteem scale, index of well-being, and positive and negative affective scales （PANAS）. The study also interviews 13 teachers and students from participating universities. The study shows that financially disadvantaged students in western universities exhibit relative low level of psychological well-being and subjective happiness, such as lower level of self-esteem, higher level of negative well-being and affection. There are also gender and ethnic differences in psychological well-being and subjective well-being of financially disadvantaged students.