大气中不同形态汞的采集和分析方法

Sampling and Determination of Different Mercury Species in Atmosphere

作为一种环境优先污染物,汞对人体和其它生物毒性很大。大气是全球汞生物地球化学循环的重要场所。不同形态的汞由于理化性质不同,迁移转化过程及其对生态环境的影响也不同,准确测定大气环境中各种形态的汞对于了解其在大气中的行为具有重要意义。1990年以来,大气汞的采集和分析方法技术已经取得了长足进步,一些自动测汞仪、低汞空白和高时间分辨率的采样及分析技术相继出现,使得准确测定大气中不同形态的痕量汞成为可能。文章就国内外近10多年来在这些方面所取得的研究进展进行了回顾和总结,主要介绍了气态总汞、颗粒态汞、活性气态汞、甲基汞等的采集和分析方法。

As an environmental priority pollutant, mercury has strong toxic to human beings and other creatures. Atmosphere is an important compartment where mercury undergoes its global biogeochemistry cycles, owing to its different physieochemieal properties associated to its different forms, Hg transformation processes and its impacts on the environment is also sharply contrasting, so the accurately samphng and determination technique of Hg species is very important to understanding its behavior in the atmosphere. Since 1990s, there are a substantial progress have been made in both the sampling and determination aspects, several automated, low Hg blank, and high time resolution techniques have come forth, these make it possible to accurate samphng and determination different Hg species. In this paper, we reviewed the progress made in abroad and domestic over the last 10 years in these areas, and specially focused on the sampling and determination of total gaseous mercury （TGM）, particulate mercury （ PM ）, reactive gaseous mercury （RGM）, and methylated mercury species, etc.