体验哲学审视下的时间属性初探

A Tentative Study on the Property of Time from Embodied Philosophy

体验哲学是在批判经验主义和理性主义之上建立起来的一种全新的非客观主义哲学思潮,强调身体经验和主客互动对认知加工和语言表达的基础作用。人类在认识论发展过程中为计量时间制定了种种标尺,用以表征宇宙物质形态的永恒存在及变化。体验哲学认为,对时间的认识直接来自人类对时间的体验,进而形成人类对世界的一种经验性把握。因此,时间具有体验性,它主要表现在6个方面,也就是时间概念的6大属性:隐喻性、观念性、可裁剪性、社会规约性、实体性和不可复得性。

Embodied philosophy, which was formed on the criticism over Empiricism and Rationalism, has been regarded as a new non - objective philosophical trend. It emphasizes the basic role of bodily experience and subject - object coactivity in cognitive pr- ocessing and linguistic expression. In the epistemological history, people have made different standards to measure time. People believe that there has been an everlasting concept time representing the eternal existence and change of the physical objects in the universe. So, time possesses the property of embodiment. Starting from the basic idea of embodied philosophy, the paper proposes that cognition of time is from people＇s embodiment over time, which has made it possible for people to control the universe. The embodied property of time can be testified from the following six aspects, which can be regarded as the six features of time： metaphoricality, conceptuality, being cut-out ability, social conventionality, entity and non-reattainability.