数据收集传感器网络的负载平衡网络构建方法

An Approach for Constructing Load-Balancing Networks for Data Gathering Wireless Sensor Networks

传感器网络所具有的集中式数据收集、多跳数据传输、多对一流量模式这3种特征会造成漏斗效应的出现,这会导致严重的包碰撞、网络拥塞、包丢失,甚至拥塞崩溃,还会导致能量消耗的热点的出现,使某些节点甚至整个网络过早死亡.负载平衡技术能够有效缓解漏斗效应的产生.针对静态数据收集传感器网络,基于供求网络的思想,提出了一种分布式算法,将传感器节点组织成交易平衡网络,用于平衡传感器节点的负载.利用这种方法组织而成的网络结构不是一棵负载平衡树,而是一个负载平衡网络.实验结果验证了这种方法的有效性.

Wireless sensor networks are characterized by centralized data gathering, multi-hop communication and many-to-one traffic pattern. These three characteristics may give rise to funneling effects that can lead to severe packet collision, network congestion, packet loss and even congestion collapse. This can also result in hotspots of energy consumption that may cause premature death of sensor nodes and even premature death of entire network. Load-Balancing techniques can effectively avoid the occurrence of funneling effects. Based on the static data gathering wireless sensor networks and motivated by the idea of supply and demand network, a distributed algorithm is proposed in this paper to organize the sensor node into a balanced deal network that can balance the load of nodes. The network structure constructed by this approach is not a load-balancing tree, but a load-balancing network. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of this approach.