对外汉语教学中被动标记使用条件分析

An Analysis of the Use of Passive Markers in TCFL

在对外汉语教学中，被动表述有标记和无标记问题一直是留学生学习的难点。被动标记的有无与结构、语义和表达有密切的关系，根据被动标记的出现情况，把被动表述分为三种类型：必标型；可标型；不可标型。三种类型的出现有制约的条件。依据被动表述类型的难易度进行科学排序，有助于把难点相对分散，使学习过程更加符合科学性，为教学、教材编写等提供参考依据。

In TCFL, the problem concerning the marked passive structure and the unmarked passive structure, which is closely related to the syntactic structure, meaning and expression, is a challenge to foreign students. There are three types, 1. that must be marked; 2. that can be marked; 3. that cannot be marked, all of which have their restraints. A scientific arrangement of their order based on the difficulty levels will surely help our TCFL and the textbook -compilation.