自然垄断产业民营化改革的比较研究

Comparative Researches on Privatization in Natural Monopoly Industries

20世纪70年代后期以来,在世界范围内掀起自然垄断产业规制改革的浪潮,民营化的趋势贯穿其中。从根本上讲,自然垄断产业的民营化主要取决于政府对国家管理模式有效性的权衡。因此,发达国家与发展中国家自然垄断产业的民营化在目标、进程乃至绩效方面不可避免地存在着差异。这些差异主要来自于社会制度和市场条件的不同、经济发展阶段与产业发展水平的不同以及时代背景的不同。对二者的比较研究可以为中国自然垄断产业的民营化改革提供借鉴与启示。作为发展中国家,自然垄断产业的民营化应该渐进实施,民营化必须与市场结构调整相结合,同时加以制度建设的保障。

Since the late 1970＇s regulation reform has been raised in natural monopoly industry in the world, among which privation is the main characteristic. Fundamentally, privatization in natural monopoly industry is mainly decided by the government valid measures to the national management pattern. So, there are some differences about privatization in objectives, courses and performances between developed and developing countries inevitably. Comparative researches may be useful for privatization in China＇s natural monopoly industries. As a developing country, China＇s privatization in natural monopoly industry should advance gradually with steady steps, unify with market structure adjustment, and perform the system construction.