水面舰船尾流电导率特性与海水温度和气泡分布的关系研究

Relation Among Conductivity Characteristic of Ship Wake,Seawater Temperature and Bubble Distribution

为了对水面舰船尾流的电导率特性受海水温度和气泡分布的综合影响进行理论分析和计算，在建立物理模型和数学模型时，对于具有垂直温度梯度的海水中水面舰船的气泡尾流，假设检测尾流的电导率探头极间的气泡分别呈任意分布和均匀分布，获得了海水温度、气泡半径、气泡数密度及气泡分布方式对非尾流区海水电导率与尾流电导率之差δK的综合影响规律。结果表明，不论探头极间的气泡呈何种分布，当海水温度变化范围为10—16℃、气泡半径小于100um、气泡数密度为2．16×10^8-6．4×10^10颗／m^3时，脒都随着海水温度升高或气泡半径增大或气泡数密度增加而增大；在海水温度和气泡半径及气泡数密度都给定的条件下，探头极间的气泡分别呈任意分布和均匀分布所对应的δK相差很大，后者约为前者的2．6倍。

Physical and mathematical models are established in order to analyze and calculate the influence of seawater temperature and bubble distribution on conductivity characteristic of ship wake. For the bubble wake with vertical temperature gradient, it is supposed that the bubbles are arbitrarily or uniformly distributed between the two poles of a probe that is used to detect the conductivity of the wake. The laws, on the basis of which the conductivity difference value δK between background seawater and wake is jointly influenced by seawater temperature, bubble radius, bubble density and bubble distribution mode, are obtained. The results show that δK will rise with increasing seawater temperature or bubble radius or bubble density no matter what bubble distribution is when seawater temperature ranges from 10 to 16 ℃ , bubble radius is less than 100 um and bubble density varies from 2.16 × 10^8 to 6.4 × 10^10/m^3. Under given seawater temperature, bubble radius and bubble density, the δKs respectively corresponding to arbitrary bubble distribution and uniform bubble distribution are far different, the latter is about 2.6 times of the former.