氧化淀粉的制备及特性研究

Preparation and Properties of Oxidized Starch

利用两步氧化法,首次将玉米淀粉改性为同时含羧基和醛基的氧化淀粉,为制革工业提供了一种新型的清洁化鞣剂。第一步通过正交试验确定了含羧基量最多的初氧化淀粉,优化工艺为pH=9·0,时间4h,温度45℃,双氧水用量为玉米淀粉的30%。第二步得到含醛基量最多的氧化淀粉,优化工艺为pH=1·2,时间4h,反应温度40℃,高碘酸钠与初氧化淀粉摩尔比为1·2。电导滴定法测得最终氧化淀粉含羧基量的质量分数为0·75%,紫外分光光度法测得含醛基量质量分数为0·83%。高效液相色谱得到初氧化淀粉的重均分子质量为7238·70,氧化淀粉重均分子质量为2915·44。

The corn starch was modified into oxidized starch containing both carboxyl and aldehyde groups by chemical method, which provided a new clean tanning agent for leather industry. The original oxidized starch containing large number carboxyl groups was obtained by orthogonal experiments and the optimal conditions were as follows： pH 9.0, time 4h, temperature 45℃ and amount of H2O2 was 30% of corn starch. Then the oxidized starch containing large number aldehyde groups was obtained and the optimal conditions were as follows ： pH 1.2, time 4h, temperature 40℃ and n （ NaIO4 ） ： n （ oxidized starch with carboxyl group） was 1： 1.2, The content of carboxyl group in the original oxidized starch was 0, 75%, which was measured by conductance titration method. And the aldehyde group content of the oxidized starch was 0. 83%, which was measured by ultraviolet （UV） spectra, And weigh average molecular weight of original oxidized starch and oxidized starch was 7238, 70 and 2915.44 respectively, which was determined by high performance liquid chromatogram （HPLC）.