微型旋转翼与拍动翼气动力特性的比较

Aerodynamic Performance Comparison Between Micro Revolving Wing and Flapping Wing

用拟压缩性法求解三维非定常不可压N-S方程,研究了旋转翼及拍动翼的气动力和流场。当昆虫正常悬停时,如果翅膀旋转,产生的平均升力以及气动效率并不比拍动时的差,甚至还略好,因此,厘米级微型飞行器可以采用旋转翼,这比拍动模式容易实现。另外,小迎角旋转时升阻比可达3.1(在15°迎角,雷诺数4000情况下),气动效率较高而且升力系数不小,多个桨叶可以产生很大的升力。因此,在悬停时,多个桨叶小迎角旋转是厘米级微型飞行器的一个很好的方案。

In comparison with flapping mode, a little more amount of average lift and better aerodynamic efficiency are obtained by a revolving wing in hovering. The ratio of lift to drag can approach 3.1 in Reynolds number 4000 when a wing revolving at 15° angle of attack, and high lift can be produced with several rotors at 15° angle of attack. Hence, several rotors at 15° angle of attack seem to be a more attractive candidate than flapping mode in the design of insect-scale aircraft.