安徽省术属药用植物过渡类群的居群生物学研究

Studies on population biology of transitional types of genus Atractylodes in Anhui province

目的:探索常用中药苍术与白术分化在居群生物学中的体现。方法:对安徽省术属药用植物连续采样,进行标本研究、栽培观察和生物学特性研究。结果:南苍术与野生白术、南苍术与罗田苍术之间随生态环境的变化呈现连续过渡,南苍术、野生白术与罗田苍术是连续过渡中的极端类型,分别是苍术、白术、汉苍术的种质。南苍术与野生白术的过渡类型与关苍术十分接近,药用功效处于苍术与白术之间。结论:白术、苍术和汉苍术商品的形成与分化、种质来源及道地性的选择与术属植物居群生物学的演化是统一的。

Objective： To explore the differentiation mechanism of population biology between ＂Cangzhu＂ and ＂Baizhu＂, commonly used traditional Chinese drugs. Method： The wild populations of Atractylodes in Anhui Province were investigated successively, in which specimens were studied, and the cultivated population was observed. Result： The wild A. macrocephala and A. lancea, A. lancea subsp, luotianensis and A. lancea presented a series of successive transitions,which was caused by the change of ecological environment. A. macrocephala, A. lancea and A. lancea subsp, luotianensis were extreme types of the series of transitions, which were the germplasm of ＂Baizhu＂, ＂Cangzhu＂ and ＂Hancangzhu＂. The transitional types between A. macrocephala and A. lancea were similar of A. japonica, whose effect was the intermediate of ＂Baizhu＂ and ＂Cangzhu＂. Conclusion： The development and differentatiation of commodites, the source of germplasm and the selection of geo-herbs of ＂Baizhu＂, ＂Cangzhu＂ and ＂Hancangzhu＂ are corresponding with the development of population biology of genus Atractylodes.