盐碱地渗水钙镁离子对凡纳滨对虾酶活力的影响

Effects of Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+) in Brackish Water from Saline-Alkaline Area on Enzymatic Activities of American White Shrimp

研究了盐碱地渗水中不同钙镁离子总量、不同钙镁离子比例对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的存活、生长和体内谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、Na+-K+-三磷酸腺苷酶(Na+-K+-ATPase)等3种酶活力的影响。实验用水盐度保持在5‰,钙镁总量分别为300、600、900mg/L,钙镁离子比例梯度1∶1、1∶3、1∶5、1∶7、1∶9、1∶11。经过20d的养殖实验,结果表明,当钙镁总量为600mg/L时,凡纳滨对虾的存活及生长、3种酶活力表现最佳;在此钙镁总量条件下,钙镁离子比为1∶5和1∶7时其存活率和体长、体重增加率较高,而钙镁离子比例为1∶3和1∶5时具有较高的酶活力。综合以上研究结果,在5‰的盐度下,使钙离子和镁离子浓度分别保持在100mg/L和500mg/L的养殖用水,能够保证凡纳滨对虾的存活和最佳生长,证明经适当调配的盐碱地渗水养殖凡纳滨对虾是可行的。

The experiment was conducted for determining the effects of Ca^2＋＋ Mg^2＋ , Ca^2＋ /Mg^2＋ in brackish water from saline-alkali area on survival, growth and activities of enzymes （ glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, GOT, glutamicpyruvic transaminase, GFF,Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase）of American White Shrimp（ Litopenaeus vannamei ）. The shrimps were cultured under condition of salinity 5‰ and a gradient concentration of Ca^2＋ Mg^2＋ （300,600,900 mg/L）,Ca^2＋ / Mg^2＋ （ 1 ： 1,1 ： 3,1 ： 5,1：7,1 ： 9,1 ： 11 ） for 20 days. The results showed that the survival rate, growth rate and activities of enzymes of the shrimps were remained highest when Ca^2＋ ＋ Mg^2＋ concentration was 600 mg/L; the shrimps had higher survival rate and growth rate under the ratio of Ca^2＋/Mg^2＋ from 1：5 to 1：7, and had higher enzymatic activities under the ratio of Ca^2＋/Mg^2＋ from 1：3 to 1：5. In conclusion,the optimal concentrations of Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ were 100 mg/L and 500 mg/L, respectively.So it is feasible to culture the shrimps in improved brackish water from saline-alkali area.