贵阳市农贸市场青蛙裂头蚴感染调查及104例临床病例分析

An Investigation of Plerocercoid Infection of Frogs in Guiyang City and An Analysis on Clinical Characteristics of 104 Cases

目的:了解贵阳市综合农贸市场青蛙自然感染曼氏裂头蚴的情况及临床裂头蚴感染病例特点及感染方式。方法:收集4 432只青蛙,解剖检查和镜下鉴定曼氏裂头蚴,对2000年以来国内报道的裂头蚴病例进行回顾性分析。结果:市场出售青蛙裂头蚴的自然感染率为18.69%(836/4 472);2000年以来,国内文献报道的104例裂头蚴病例中,脑脊髓裂头蚴病的发病率最高,占40.38%(42/104),其次是皮下裂头蚴病、眼裂头蚴病、口腔颌面部裂头蚴病及内脏裂头蚴病,分别占35.58%、14.42%、8.65%及0.96%。在104例病人中,因生吃或半生吃蛙、蛇肉等导致感染者占34.62%(36/104);因局部用蛙、蛇肉敷帖疮疖感染者占19.23%(20/104);因饮用生水感染者占25.00%(26/104);感染原因不明者占21.15%(22/104)。结论:人体裂头蚴病不仅与青蛙曼氏裂头蚴的感染率有关,还与人们的生活方式、饮食和卫生习惯等因素相关。

Objective： To investigate the infection status of plerocercoids in frogs and to study the clinical features and infection routes of Sparganosis mansoni cases. Methods： The wild frogs purchased from aggregate agricultural markets in Guiyang city were examined. Data of 104 patients infected with S. mansoni, reported in the country since 2000, were divided into five clinical types and studied retrospectively. Results： There were 836 frogs out of 4472 infected, with an natural infection rate of 18.69%. Among the human cases, 40.38% of the 104 people suffered from encephalic sparganosis, the infection rate of which showed a significant increase during the years. The other kinds of sparganosis were： subcutaneous, oculi, oromasillo-facial, and viscera sparganosis, occupying rates of 35.58%, 14.42%, 8.65% and 0.96% respectively. The kinds and statistics of the infection routes of these cases were： eating raw or half-done frog or snake meat （ 36 patients, 34. 62% ）, paving raw frog meat on the skin （20 patients, 19.23% ）, drinking raw water （26 patients, 25.00% ）, and unknown （22 patients, 21.15% ）. Conclusion： The S. mansoni infection is mainly related with the infection rate of frog plerocercoids, but also related with the life style, dietetic and health habits of people as well.