英国的森林景观主动设计途径理论与技术

The Proactive Design Approach of Forest Landscapes in Britain

主动设计理论的主要内容包括:森林的形状要依随地形和植被格局中的视觉力,在凹处和山谷处被引导向上,在凸处和山脊处被牵引向下;森林规模要呼应相邻地带的景观规模,从山谷和山麓到高处和山顶的规模要逐渐变大,不同景观要素之间可按“三分之一”法则进行配置;森林设计要寓多样于统一,维护并促进场所精神。文中详细介绍了该设计理论的起源、具体内容、操作技术等,并在此基础上结合我国实际,提出“因势、体宜、巧借”等原则,可作为我国风景林景观设计的指导方针。

The main theory Proactive Design Approach includes： the shapes of forest should follow the visual force in landform and pattern of vegetation, which is lead up in concave and hollow, drawn down in convex and ridge ; the scale of forest should reflect the scale of adjoining landscape ; from the lower slopes and in valleys to higher slopes and hill tops, the scale of landscape is gradually bigger; the arrangement of different landscape element could comply with one -third＇principle; the diversity and unity should be combined and the genius loci should be maintained and promoted. The origin, main content and design technology of the theory were introduced in this paper, at the same time, combined with the reality in China, the principles of ＂by energy, proper body, advantage borrowed＂ were summarized, which can be as the design guidelines of ornamental forest.