德国“卓越计划”与“精英大学”初探

Research on German “Excellence Initiative” and “Elite University”

2006年10月，德国评选卡尔斯鲁厄大学、慕尼黑大学和慕尼黑工业大学为“精英大学”，就此拉开了德国实施大学“卓越计划”的序幕。“卓越计划”旨在为德国高校和科研机构注入经费．力图增强大学的科研实力，并提升德国高校的国际地位。文章介绍了“卓越计划”的目的、内容及获选学校的特点，并探析这一计划对德国高等教育的意义。

University of Karlsruhe, the Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich and Technical University of Munich were elected as 'Elite Universities' in Germany in October, 2006, which was the overturn of the 'Excellence Initiative'. 'Excellence Initiative' aims at promoting top-level research,improving the quality of German universities and research institutions, improving their international competiveness,and raising their international fame. This paper introduces the content and characteristics of this initiative and analyzes its effect on German higher education.