旅客机座舱热舒适动态特性仿真

Simulation of Dynamic Characteristics for Airliner Cabin Thermal Comfort

巡航飞行时,旅客机座舱内相对湿度和空气密度都低于地面建筑物环境。低相对湿度会造成更高的蒸发热损失,低密度空气却会减少对流换热,在这2种因素的复合作用下,会使座舱内热舒适性与地面建筑物有所不同。针对传统旅客机环境控制系统不能完全满足座舱内舒适性要求的状况,提出一种直接以舒适指标PMV为控制目标的热舒适控制策略,应用集总参数法建立了座舱热舒适动态特性模型,并采用仿真方法研究了分别以PMV和温度作为控制目标时,座舱内热舒适的动态特性。仿真结果表明,舒适控制能更好地满足座舱内的热舒适;此外与地面建筑物环境相比,需要更高的空气温度才能使座舱达到热舒适。

During cruise flight, airliner cabin environmental conditions are different from those in a building. The relative humidity and air density are lower than that found in a building. The low relative humidity results in a higher evaporation and heat loss. Besides, low air density implies a reduction of the convection heat loss. The combination of two factors can make cabin thermal comfort different from in a building. According to the status that conventional airliner environment control system can＇t fully satisfy the cabin comfort requirement, a thermal comfort control system is put forward, which takes thermal comfort index PMV as the control parameter. A dynamic model for cabin thermal comfort is established by means of Lumped Parameter Method. And the dynamic character of thermal comfort is simulated, using PMV and temperature as control parameter respectively. The results show that thermal comfort control could satisfy thermal comfort better. Besides, higher cabin air temperature is required than a building to get thermal neutrality.