美国高校办学成本递增的特点、原因及其启示

Costs Increase of American Higher Education Institutions:The Characteristics,Reason And Enlightenment

美国高校办学成本呈现递增特性,表现为总成本与生均成本的双重递增、成本递增快于物价水平的递增、学生资助支出增长迅速、院校成本“趋同性”变化。驱动成本上升的主要因素有:入学规模、学术竞争、教育产业属性、政府规则、学生资助和组织效率。借鉴其经验,我们要加大教育投入、完善学生资助政策、促进院校办学竞争、加强学校成本管理,努力提高高等教育的质量、效率,并促进教育公平。

American higher educational costs are increasing both in total costs and per student costs. They grow faster than the increase of price level. The expenses of student financial aids go up sharply and college costs change in the same way. The driven factor for costs increase include enrollment,academic competition, the of these suggest that we should devote more investment into education, perfect student financial aids policy, strengthen college competition for academic prestige and control excessive costs in order to improve educational quality, efficiency and equity.