我国矿产资源开发的生态补偿机制与政策

THE POLICY DESIGN ON THE ECO-COMPENSATION MECHANISM OF MINERAL RESOURCES IN CHINA

本文在总结我国矿产资源开发的生态补偿机制建设的现状,借鉴国外经验的基础上对我国矿产资源开发的生态补偿机制进行了政策设计。提出应建立矿产资源开发的生态补偿法规和专门的矿区生态环境治理管理部门;设立“废弃矿山生态恢复治理基金”,实行生态补偿费征收制度;建立矿产资源开采的生态补偿保证金制度;充实“开采许可证”内涵,严格实行开采许可证制度;改革现行的矿山企业成本核算体制,将矿山企业的生态环境补偿与修复费用纳入矿山企业成本。

This paper designs the policy of eco-compensation mechanism of mineral resources on the basis of the status in our country and the foreign experience. The policy designs are as follows ： set up the ecocompensation mechanism law and special environmental harness department; set up the ＂abandoned mines ecological compensation fund＂ and implement the eco-compensation fee collection system; establish the performance bonds system; implement the mining permit system strictly; bring the eco-compensation and reclamation fee into the mining enterprise cost.