未来输配电技术

Future T＆D Technology

经过20多年的发展,在降低电力设备体积和成本以及提高效率等方面,电力电子技术已经成为电力转换的主要手段.在电力输配电系统中,电力电子技术在效率和成本方面不能与传统的电力设备相提并论,且能够完成传统技术所不能提供的技术支持.明年基于碳化硅（SiC）技术的额定电压为10 kV的IGBT即将推出,文章讨论了这种电力器件可能会对电力电子技术在电力传输中的作用产生的影响.特别是在效率方面,通过使用50 Hz以及1 kHz和20 kHz变压器、基于PWM技术的300 MW HVDC换流设备的重量和尺寸研究,得出的结论是使用碳化硅器件的VSC-HVDC电站的成本将降低大约30%.基于硅技术的VSC-HVDC换流站通过将换流频率提高到20 kHz来实现高频换流,将可以显著提高效率、降低尺寸,然而总的成本将增加大约30%.

C Power Electronics has evolved over the past 20 years to be the main method of power conversion in teams of equipment volume, efficiency and cost. In power transmission and distribution systems power electronics does not compare in efficiency and cost and only provides support where conventional technology is not incapable of performing the task. With the promise of Silicon Carbide （SIC） based IGBTs rated at 10kV to be realised within the next year the paper examines what effect this might have on the role of Power Electronics within Power Transmission. In particular values of efflciency, weight and size are developed for 300MW PWM based HVDC converter equipment operating with both a 50Hz transformer and at 11kHz and 20kHz and concludes that with Silicon Carbiden devices the cost of VSC-HVDC stations will reduce by about 30%. Changing to high frequency conversion using frequencies of up to 20kHz win result in comparable efficiencies and volumes with Si based VSC-HVDC stations, however the overall cost will increase by about 30%.