重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征口腔矫治器治疗前、后上气道磁共振成像观察

Magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of upper airway in severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients with oral appliance treatment

目的通过磁共振成像(MRI)观察重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者应用口腔矫治器治疗前、后上气道结构的改变。方法经多导睡眠仪(PSG)监测确诊的重度OSAS患者18例,应用口腔矫治器治疗,并在治疗前及治疗7 d后应用MRI测量上气道软腭后区(RP区)、舌根后区(RG区)和会厌区(EPG区)的截面积、前后径(AP)和左右径(L)的改变。结果治疗7 d后RP区的截面积、AP、L及RG区的截面积、L均较治疗前明显改善(P值分别<0．01、0．05),而EPG区的结构与治疗前比较无明显改变(P值均>0．05)。结论口腔矫治器可通过改善上气道RP区和RG区结构起到治疗重度OSAS的作用。

Objective To compare the magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） results of upper airway in severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome （OSAS） patients before and after oral appliance treatment. Methods Eighteen patients with severe OSAS were measured by MRI before and after seven days oral appliance treatment in these regions including retropalatal region （RP region）, retroglossal region （RG region）, epiglottal region （EPG region）. Results Among the eighteen patients, retropalatal region（sectional area, AP, L） and retroglossal region （sectional area, L） were significantly improved （P 〈 0.01 or 0.05, respectively） after seven days oral appliance treatment. No significant changes were found in the epiglottal region （P 〉 0.05 for all）. Conclusion Conditions of severe OSAS patients could be relieved by improvement of upper airway after seven days oral appliance treatment.