漯河市1953～2005年麻疹流行特征分析

ANALYSIS ON MEASLES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN LUOHE CITY FROM 1953 TO 2005

[目的]了解实施计划免疫前后麻疹流行特征的变化规律,探讨消除麻疹的措施。[方法]将52年麻疹疫情资料划分为疫苗接种前、疫苗接种、计划免疫3个阶段用描述流行病学方法进行对比分析。[结果]3个阶段发病率有显著的差异,年均发病率分别为:902.89/10万、176.79/10万、4.82/10万。实施计划免疫后,麻疹流行特征表现为:流行强度减弱、流行周期消失、发病年龄后移。[结论]麻疹疫苗计划免疫是控制麻疹发病的有效手段,现阶段麻疹控制应是加强计划免疫管理,调整免疫策略,完善监测系统,开展强化免疫活动。

[ Objective] To understand the epidemiological features of measles before and after the conduction of Expanded Program on hnmunization （EPI） , explore the measures to eliminate measles. [ Methods] The date of epidemic situation of measles in 52 years were divided into three phases ： the periods with no vaccination, with vaccination and with EPI, and analyzed by descriptive epidemlology. [Results] The incidence rates of measles were different among the three phases. The measles incidence rate was 902.89/100 000. 176.79/100 000, 4.82/100 000 respectively. After the implemetation of EPI, the epidemiologieal features of measles were as follows： epidemic intensity weakened, the epidemic cycle vanished, epidemic age postponed. [ Conclusion] Measles vaccine vaccination is an effective method to control measles. We should strengthen EPI program, adjust immunity strategy, modify the monitor system, and promote strengthened immunity activities at present.