中国煤炭城市分类及其经济运行轨迹分析

Classification and Economic Development Track of Coal Mining Cities in China

按煤炭城市划分的原则,在构建三维模型的基础上,利用SOFM人工神经网络技术,分地县两种类型对中国煤炭城市进行了进一步的系统分类;采用GPCA全局主成分方法,分别对其总体和组别的经济运行轨迹进行了动态描述。研究结果表明:①分类显示地县两类煤炭城市随着组数的升高,其职能表现为煤炭产业在城市经济中的地位逐步下降,而规模扩展和区位分布则表现出明显差异;②全局主成分分析表明地级煤炭城市发展与其经济支撑能力、基础设施以及城市规模、城市环境更为相关,而县级煤炭城市发展与其职能、经济支撑能力和规模的联系更为密切,但城市规模扩张和经济支撑能力提高都是两类煤炭城市发展的关键;③两类煤炭城市的总体经济运行态势和及其内部各组的经济运行水平劣化顺序也存在差异,反映出它们的经济运行能力变化随着职能、规模和区位的变化而表现出不同的规律。

This paper put forward the ＂Three-dimension Model＂ classification method for coal mining cities, and described their economic development tracks through principal components analysis. Firstly, the paper divided the coal mining cities into prefecture and county levels according to the statistical standard of China; Next, based on the Three-dimension model China＇s coal mining cities were classified by means of SOFM artificial network; Lastly, the paper analyzed and described the economic development tracks of the two types of coal mining cities. Results showed the weight of coal industry was decreasing in its functions with the numbers of classification increasing among the prefecture and county types, but there were significant differences in the scale expansion and the location distribution, which revealed there was not corresponding relationship between the index of the coal mining cities and its numbers of classified group. Principal components analysis showed that there is a correlation between economic development and its economic sustainability, infrastructure, scale and environment in the prefecture-level coal mining cities, while correlation existing between economic development and its function, economic sustainable capacity in county-level coal mining cities. Both the expansion of city scale and the improvement of economic sustainable capacity are key factors for their development. The economic development tracks revealed that not only the tendency of economic development were different for the two types of coal mining cities, but also the total economic development levels of the classified groups were also different. Therefore, It should make different policies for the sustainable development of different coal mining cities.