中国能源资源消费及其经济性分析

Fossil-Fuel Resources Utilization in China

本文主要针对我国石油天然气矿物能源紧缺的现状,系统分析了我国矿物能源节约利用的潜力以及世界尤其是中国周边国家能源消费的发展趋势。从能源结构的合理性、消费利用的经济性等不同角度来分析我国不可再生矿物能源消费利用的途径,并以技术、经济、环境的大量实际数据资料为依据对我国煤炭、石油以及天然气等矿物能源不同消费用途进行定量比较和分析研究,主要包括原油、天然气、煤炭资源作为一次能源、二次能源替代利用,乙醇汽油替代常规汽油,煤炭液化和石油化工,煤炭、天然气发电以及天然气化工等不同消费途径的经济和环境影响比较。在上述研究基础上,本文针对我国矿物能源资源的消费结构、替代措施、矿物能源的深加工以及能源利用效率等方面提出了相应的政策措施和建议。

This paper make an analysis of energy mineral resources use in China. Based on the structure and economic feasibility of energy consumption, the various utilization patterns and means of energy mineral resources were researched and contrasted quantitatively according to the practical data of technology, economy and environment. The main issues discussed are the following： 1） fuel substitute （e. g. natural gas and ethanol gasoline are as automobile fuels） ; 2） primary energy mineral resources （e. g. fuels in the forms of coal, oil and natural gas） ;3） secondary energy （e. g. direct liquefaction of coal, electricity generated from fuels of coal and natural gas）;4） deep processing technology of energy mineral resources （e. g. natural gas chemical industry and hydrogen production from natural gas）;5 ） environmental influence comparison （e. g. discharge capacity of coal and oil and natural gas as fuels and generated electricity）. Hereinbefore, the economic effectiveness, environmental benefit and some problems of energy mineral resources of coal and oil and natural gas and substituted as fuels were analyzed and evaluated preliminarily. Finally, some polices and advices on rational use of energy mineral resources in China are put forward, including the adjustment of strategy on consumption structure and substitution of energy mineral resources, the technology innovation of deep processing of oil and natural gas, improvement of productivity ratio of energy mineral resources.