中国煤层气资源与可持续发展战略

Coal-Bed Methane Resources and Sustainable Development in China

中国既是煤炭生产消费大国,又是煤层气资源丰富的国家。据统计,我国煤层气资源储量和开采储量分别为15.9×1012m3,居世界第三位,煤层气的开发利用潜力十分巨大。开发利用煤层气有益,随意排放则十分有害。虽然我们已认识到开发煤层气的重要性,但我国煤层气利用率仍很低,每年有360×108m3的煤层气排放到大气中,回收利用率仅为1.56%;中国和美国煤层气资源量相当,但是,我国煤层气产量仅为美国同期产量的1.6%,我国煤层气在勘探、开发和商业化经营方面,与世界发达国家相比还有一定差距。如何充分利用我国巨大的煤层气资源,从根本上解决能源短缺问题,是新时期摆在我们面前的一个新课题。作者认为煤层气资源作为清洁环保的新型能源,合理的开发利用,可以改变不合理的能源结构,减少大气污染,保护人类健康和赖以生存的环境;先开采煤层气,后开采煤炭,可以从根本上避免煤矿瓦斯爆炸。从21世纪可持续发展观点出发,借助“西气东输”的契机,应加强对含煤盆地地质构造的研究,建立适合中国煤层气开发模式,继续加强国际间合作,扩大煤层气勘探范围,加大煤层气的科技投入,使煤层气资源为我国的现代化建设发挥更大的作用。

China is a country with both huge coal production and abundant resources of coal-bed methane. According to statistics data, the amount of coal-bed methane resources reserves in China is 15.9 × 10^12 m^3. The exploitable amount of reserves is 2.0 × 10^12m^3, ranking third place in the world. Although we have recognized the importance of developing coal-bed methane, but its utilization ratio is low still. The coal-bed methane of draining off to the air is about 360 × 10^8m^3 annually, with a recycle ratio of 1.56 percent. Coal-bed methane resources quantity in China is the same as in America, but coal-bed methane output in China is 1.6 percent of that in American. Compared with developed countries, a great gap on coal-bed methane development and exploitation in China are still existed. Extracting the methane before exploiting coal could avoid the risk of gas explosion. Coal-bed methane resources as a clean source of energy, it can change the unreasonable energy structure, reduce the air pollution, protect human health and environment. In the view of sustainable development in the 21st century, we should enhance geological tectonic research on coal basins, build the coal-bed methane mining mode, reinforce international cooperation and enlarge the range of coal-bed methane exploitation.