表达声符字本义的亦声字及声符字意义的分化

A Study on the Division of Meaning of Original Character of Yi Sheng Zi that Expresses the Meaning of Phonetic Sign

亦声字是一种特殊的形声字,它的声符既表音又表意。亦声字可以分为两类:一类是亦声字的本义和声符字的本义重合,这个亦声字实际上是声符字的累加意符的后起字;一类是亦声字表达声符字的引申义。文章讨论第一类亦声字。一个字除了表示本义外,常常表示它的引申义或假借义,一身兼职过多,于是在这个字上累加意符构成亦声字来表示这个字的本义。有时候,一个字常常作为声符和其他字构成形声字,字的本义变得模糊,于是为这个字累加意符构成亦声字表示这个字的本义,原字一般不再单独使用。还有一种情况是一个字累加意符构成亦声字,这个字和后起的亦声字成了部分用法相同的异体字。

Yi Sheng Zi is a special sort of pictopnonetic character,and its phonetic sign is actualry its original character. Yi Sheng Zi fails into two kinds. The meaning of the first kind is the meaning of its phonetic sign. The second kind expresses the extended meaning of its phonetic sign. The essay fo- cuses on the first kind. The division of meaning of the original character results in the existence of Yi