大学新生心理健康状况调查分析与建议

Analysis and suggestion on the mental health status of university freshmen

目的了解大学新生心理卫生状况及影响心理健康的因素。方法以吉林地区两所高校2005年入学的新生为研究对象，采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）、90项症状量表（SCL-90）进行心理问卷调查，对有效答卷用EPQ，SCL-90及SPSS11．5分析系统进行统计分析。结果有效问卷EPQ：2604份，SCL-90：2626份，其中EPQ—N〉60占15．82％，其中强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、偏执、焦虑、精神病性等因子大于常模（P〈0．01），男性大于女性（P〈0．01～0．05），位于前三位的是强迫、人际关系敏感和抑郁。结论部分大学新生存在明显的心理问题，应加强心理健康教育。

Objective To study the mental health status of university freshmen and its related factors. Methods The freshmen recruited in 2005 of two universities in Jilin were investigated by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） and 90 symptom detailed list （SCL - 90 ）. Results The effective number of EPQ was 2604, SCL - 90 was 2626. 15.82 % of the students got over 60 scores in EPQ-N. In SCL- 90, the scores of the factors such as compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, anxiety and so on were significantly higher than the norm （ P 〈 0.01 ）, the scores of male students were significantly higher than those of female students （P 〈 0.01- 0.05 ）. The first three mental problems were compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity and depression. Conclusion The mental problems of university freshmen should not be neglected, mental health education should be strengthened.