胸部X线、CT和纤维支气管镜对肺癌诊断的应用研究

The application research of chest X-ray, CT and fibrobronchoscope in the diagnosis of lung cancer

目的:探讨胸部X线、CT和纤维支气管镜(纤支镜)3种方法在肺癌诊断中的准确性以及联合应用情况下的优势互补性。方法:回顾性分析140例经病理证实的原发性肺癌和95例肺良性病变患者的胸部X线、CT和纤支镜检查的临床资料,选取18个主要临床表现及主要诊断方法变量,采用SPSS13.0软件进行数据处理。结果:胸部X线的诊断符合率为62.1%(87/140),其中中央型肺癌符合率为62.5%、周围型肺癌符合率为78%,也就是说临床有超过60%的肺癌患者仅依据胸部X线即可诊断。CT检查对周围型肺癌诊断符合率高于中央型肺癌;而纤支镜对中央型肺癌的诊断符合率高达95.8%。结论:胸部X线的确是临床诊断肺癌的首选方法,适宜于肺癌初诊和普查;CT、纤支镜分别与胸部X线作序列检查,将大大提高肺癌诊断的准确度。

Objective ： To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of hronchopulmonary cancer by chest X-ray, CT and fibrobronchoscope. Methods： 140 cases of primary bronchopulmonary cancer patients and 95 cases of benign lesion patients confirmed by pathology were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. 18 variables concerned with clinical presentation and diagnostic method were statistically analyzed in the computer by SSPS13.0 software tools. Results： The accurate rate of chest X-ray is 62.1%, that is, over 60% lung cancer patients can be clinically diagnosed only by chest X-ray. The accurate rate of central lung cancer is higher than that of peripheral lung cancer by CT scans,95.8% while central lung cancer can be diagnosed by fibrobronchoscope, Conclusion： Chest X-ray should be used firstly in the diagnosis of lung cancer, It is suitable for initial diagnosis and screening of lung cancer, The serial test, chest X-ray plus CT or fihrohronchoscope, can greatly improve the diagnostic accuracy of lung cancer.