侵蚀坡地果园不同生草方式对土壤和果树生长的影响

Effects of Different Ways of Sod in Eroded Slope Orchard on Soil and Fruit Tree Growth

采用径流小区法研究果园不同生草方式对土壤侵蚀、土壤肥力、果树生长、果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明,带状覆盖与敷盖、全园覆盖、带状覆盖3种不同的生草方式都能有效控制土壤侵蚀,且都有改良土壤肥力的效果;全园覆盖严重影响果树生长,其果实产量最低、品质最差;净耕处理尽管果树长势好、产量最高、品质较好,但土壤流失严重。综合分析认为,带状覆盖与敷盖措施是较好的侵蚀坡地果园生草方式,值得推广。

With the way of runoff plots, effects of the different ways of sod in the eroded slope orchard on soil erosion, soil fertility, fruit tree growth, the output and quality of fruit were studied. The result showed that three different sod ways of strip covering and mulching, covering in the whole orchard, and strip covering could controlled soil erosion effectively and improved soil fertility. The way of covering in the whole orchard affected fruit tree growth badly, and had the lowest output and worst quality of fruit. Although the orchard with the way of cleaning tillage had the best fruit tree growth, the largest output and the better quality fruit, soil loss in the orchard was severely. The comprehensive analysis showed that the way of strip covering and mulching was the best way in the eroded slope orchard and it was worth popularized.