分子文库展示技术

The Display Technologies of Molecular Libraries

分子文库展示技术是一系列广泛应用于多肽、蛋白质及药物筛选和研究蛋白质间相互作用的有效的生物学技术。它将组合成的具有一定长度的随机序列寡核苷酸片段(或cDNA)克隆到特定表达载体中,使其表达产物(多肽片段或蛋白质结构域)以融合蛋白的形式展示在活的噬菌体或细胞表面。根据其蛋白质表达是否依赖于宿主表达系统,分为体内表达展示系统和无细胞展示系统(体外表达展示系统)。就其展示的部位不同又可分为噬菌体展示技术、细胞表面展示技术、核糖体展示技术、mRNA展示技术等。现对各种展示技术的基本原理及相关应用做简要综述。

Display technologies are the newly-developed methodology for functional genomics study. Display systems are used for the selection of coding elements （DNA or RNA） from libraries in which the individual peptide or protein as phenotype is physically associated with their genetic materials. Several methods have been devised and validated, both cell based, such as phage display and cell surface display, and cell-free, such as ribosome display, and mRNA display. The success of display selection relies on the ability to retrieve the genetic information along with the functional proteins. They are widely used in various ranges of applications, including： screening and identifying protein-ligand interactions, live vaccine development, epitope mapping, antibody engineering, biosensors development for diagnostic, industrial and environmental purposes and so on. This review briefly describes the principle of each display technology, and their applications.