免仪器高全站仪高程测量及其应用

Instrumental Height Ignored Total Station Altitude Measurement and Its Engineering Application

免仪器高、免棱镜高全站仪测量技术是根据在实地测量时不改变仪器高和棱镜高为前提,设置仪器时,根据测量高差时前视减后视的原理,利用系统自身自行消除公式中的仪器高和棱镜高。根据免仪器高、免棱镜高法测量中误差计算公式,此测量技术可有效地减少全站仪三角高程法测量中仪器高和棱镜高的测量误差对高差计算的影响。同时也减少了以后计算时的工作量。从算例可以看出,距离在100m,竖直角在28°以内时,采用免仪器高、免棱镜高法进行高程测量,中误差小于±1.0mm,足以满足水准控制测量的精度要求。

The precondition of instrument and prism heights ignored total station measurement technique is based on the fixedness of the two heights during field measurement. When the instrument is setting, the principle of elevation difference measurement is forward vision subtract backward vision, by use of system itself eliminates the two heights in formula. According to error calculation formula in the measurement, this technique can effectively reduce influence of two heights error to the elevation difference calculation during total station trigonometric leveling and reduce the workload of calculation posterior. From the example of this method we can see, when distance 〈100m, vertical angle 〈28°, the root-mean-square error will be less than ±1.0mm, it can meet the level control surveying requirement.