声酶法合成生物柴油的比较研究

Bio-diesel preparation by enzymatic reaction with and without ultrasound

以玉米油、乙醇和Lipozyme TL IM脂肪酶为主要原料,研究了声酶法合成生物柴油不同因素的影响,并与静态、摇床作用下酶法合成生物柴油进行了比较,结果表明,随着乙醇量、反应温度或溶剂石油醚加入量的增大,生物柴油的产率均先增大后降低,随着酶添加量增大、反应时间的延长,生物柴油产率相应增大。适宜的反应条件为:油醇摩尔比1:1、反应温度60℃、酶添加量10%、溶剂加入量(mL)与玉米油质量(g)比为1:1、声酶法合成反应时间3h。超声波辐射显著提高了生物柴油的产率,在相同反应温度下,超声波辐射使生物柴油产率比静态条件下的产率提高了27%-33%,比摇床作用下的产率提高了6%-15%。超声波作用没有改变酶的最适反应温度。

Effects of various factors on bio-diesel preparation by ultrasound and enzyme are studied in this article, using corn oil, ethanol and Lipozyme TL IM as the major raw materials. Comparison between three bio-diesel preparation methods is done, including shake bed method, with and without ultrasound. Bio-diesel yield was first increased, and then decreased with the increase of ethanol dosage, reaction temperature or solvent petroleum dosage. It was continuously improved as the enzyme dosage went up or reaction time was lengthened. The optimum reaction parameters were： molar ration of corn oil to ethanol 1：1, reaction temperature 60℃, enzyme dosage 10%, ration of solvent usage （mL） to mass of corn oil （g） 1：1, and enzymatic reaction time with uhrasound 3h. At the same reaction temperature, the bio-diesel yield was improved evidently with ultrasound. Compared the reaction with and without ultrasound, as well as the action of shake bed, it rose up by 27%-33% and 6%-15% respectively. However, the optimum reaction temperature was not changed by ultrasound.