英国济贫制度的发展对我国绝对贫困救济立法的启示

The Legislation Enlightenment to Our Relief of Absolute Poverty from UK's Progress of Relief the Poor

英国等西欧国家有着悠久的济贫传统,其济贫法制体系与实践亦相当成熟。其济贫法制体系中的国家承担济贫基本责任的原则,区别对待与分类管理的做法,对济贫内容的综合性安排,以政府出资为主的筹资方式及操作程序的科学设计对我国当今的绝对贫困救济立法具有借鉴价值。参考英国的济贫制度体系,我国的绝对贫困救济立法亦须依据实际国情妥善处理好绝对贫困救济的对象范围、救济标准的确定、主体制度的选择和救济资金的筹措等关键性技术问题。

Western European countries represented as UK have age-old tradition of relief of the poor. Their legal system and the pertinent practice are also pretty mature. The principle that the fundamental responsibility of relieving the poor is undertaken by the state, the working method of dealing with different objects in different ways and the corresponding category and management, the comprehensive arrangement of the contents of relieving the poor, the financing way that the governmental finance takes the first place, and the scientific design of the operational program have very important reference value to our legislation of relieving the absolute poverty, all of which are implicated among the UK＇ s legal system of relieving the poor. Through consulting British relieving the poor system, our legislation of relieving the absolute poverty must appropriately deal with the critical technical matters such as the ascertainment of the relief object, the relief range, the relief standard, the choice of main-body system and financing of relief funds according to our special national conditions.