冻土区固体废弃物处理研究现状与思考

Current Status and Reflection on Solid Waste Disposal in Permafrost Regions

冻土区固体废弃物的处理对未来的寒区经济发展、保护冻土及寒区生态环境意义重大。笔者总结近年来我国冻土区所进行的一系列工程和资源开采活动,表明冻土区固体废弃物处理的研究是必要而迫切的。通过介绍国内外近几十年来对冻土区固体废弃物处理的研究方法、思路和技术,并分析其成果与不足;使人们更好地了解和利用冻土区寒冷的气候条件、冻土的冻融循环、回冻等特性及永久冻土层的隔绝作用来处理冻土区的废弃物;同时给出了冻土区废弃物处理的研究成果及对策,还对未来研发的前景展望。

Solid waste disposal in permafrost regions has great significance on the future economic devel- opment in cold regions. The author summarizes the engineering and resource exploration activities in permafrost regions in China; it shows it is necessary and urgent to make a study of solid waste disposal in permafrost regions. To make people better know and make use of the cold climate, freezing-melt cycle and freeze-back feature of frozen soil, and the isolation of permanent frozen soil to dispose the solid waste, the author introduces international and national studying methods, threads and technology of solid waste disposal in permafrost regions in the recent several decades. Finally, achievements in this field and countermeasures are presented; prospect of waste disposal study in permafrost regions is anticipated.