浅析民事侵权语境下的无过错责任原则

Non-fault Liability in Tort Law

民事责任的归责原则,经历了过错责任原则的不断修正和发展,最后过渡到无过错责任原则的过程。无过错责任是无论行为人是否有过错,只要法律规定行为人应当承担民事责任的,行为人就应对其行为造成的损害或不利后果承担民事责任。在无过错责任原则指导下,无过错责任下的免责事由包括不可抗力、受害人过错和第三人过错。

Process of criterion of liability of tort is includes four stages, which are fault liability, fault objectivity, fault deduction, and finally no-fault liability. No-fault liability refers to the circumstance that tortfeasors, regardless of whether they have fault or not, should undertake civil liability for the destruction or harmful results caused by their conduct, as long as law suggests that they should be responsible. At last, exemption premises for no-fault liability is illustrated, including force majeure, victims＇ fault and a third party＇s fault.