交易效率、公共支出与经济增长

Transaction Efficiency,Public Expenditure and Economic Growth

由公共支出提供和维护的基础设施、法律、国防等公共物品可以显著地改进交易效率,但现有文献关于公共支出促进经济增长的解释中却普遍缺乏对交易效率的讨论。通过建立内生经济增长模型,分析考虑改进交易效率情况下的公共支出和经济增长的关系,得到如下结论:公共支出通过改进交易效率和提升劳动效率而作用于经济增长,一个国家的最优税率正是该国公共支出的这两大功能和私人资本争夺资源时的最优折衷,而税收收入在生产性支出和提升交易效率支出之间的资源配比则决定于两类支出各自对经济增长的贡献力大小。

Public expenditure can improve transaction efficiency by providing and maintaining public infrastructures, laws, national defense. But the literatures in existence about the relationships between public expenditure and economic growth seldom address the public expenditure＇s function of improving the transaction efficiency. This paper analyzes the functions of public expenditure on economic growth by setting up an endogenous growth model. We find that a country＇s optimal tax rate is decided by the size of the two parameters which describe the public expenditure＇s funetions on soeial transaction effieieney and labor effieieney.