清末民初农会组织述论

The review of the organizations of the peasant association in the later Qing dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China

清末民初的农会组织大体经历了酝酿、兴起、发展、隐退四个阶段。其基本结构表现为组成了一个层层连接的直属组织系统;建立了较为完备的领导体制;实行了严格的民主选举制度、议事办事原则以及定期的会议制度等。呈现出组织制度的近代民主性、一定程度的自治性、成员构成的复杂性、机构权限的官督性等基本特点。所从事的活动内容相当广泛,主要表现为编辑农报,翻译农书;创办农业学堂;开办农业试验场;举行农产品评会,设立陈列所;开展调查研究;向主管官署建议农业改良进行事宜,等等。这对推动近代中国农业发展具有重要的影响与作用。

The organizations of the peasant associaton in the later Qing dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China experienced four stages：fermentation.rise.development and disappearance.Its basic framework was a directly-subordinated organization system that its every level interlinked.h set up more complete leading system and carried out strict demorcratic election institution.principles of discussing things and doing things and the timed meeting institution and so on.h showed these characters：modem democracy of the organization institution, self-govemace in some degree.complexition of the member structure and government surveillance of organization powers.It was engaged in many activities.They mainly edit agricultural newspapers. translating agricultural books,founded agricultural schools,started experimental farms.held coment meeting of agriculture products,founded exibition places,developed survey and study, gived advice of improving agriculture to the government department which was in charge of it and so on.h had very important affections on the development of modem China＇s agriculture.