低速滚动轴承故障信号捕捉与分离研究

Study on fault signal acquisition and separation for low-speed rolling bearing

根据低速滚动轴承故障诊断难度较大的特点,提出了利用应力波与小波分析进行低速滚动轴承故障诊断的方法.以低速运转Cooper轴承系列01B65 EX滚子轴承为例,建立了故障轴承的三维整体接触计算模型,运用有限元软件对其进行了分析,计算出外圈故障的最大应力应变及各元件之间的接触应力,将发生故障前后的外圈外表面应力应变和接触应力分布规律进行比较.在应力波实验分析的基础上,选择db6母小波、尺度j=4对实验所采集的故障信号进行小波分解,提取了故障的应力波信号特征频率,对低速滚动轴承故障进行了正确诊断.结果表明,应力波和小波分析是低速机械故障诊断的有效方法.

As it is always difficult to diagnose the fault of low-speed rolling bearing, a fault diagnosis method for low-speed rolling bearing based on stress waves and wavelet analysis has been proposed. As an example, an integrated three-dimensional calculating model was established for 01B65 EX rolling bearing which belongs to the series of low-speed Cooper bearing. The stress and strain distribution law of the outer race and the contact stress distribution law of the interface on good and fault bearing were compared by finite element method. Then the wavelet transform of data signals collected in experiment was carried out with db6 wavelet and 4 scales on the basis of the stress wave analysis. The frequency feature of stress signal was separated according to the above-mentioned method, and the fault of low-speed rolling bearing was well diagnosed, Experimental results show that stress wave and wavelet analysis is an effective method for diagnosing the fault of low-speed machinery.