由等高线图像生成三维地形的简易方法

Simple method of generating 3D terrains based on contour images

针对目前三维地形数据生成技术普遍缺乏对小范围地形的便捷导入,还停留在大范围、高硬件支持、高计算量水平的现状,介绍了由图像等高线信息生成三维地形的简易方法.着重论述了等高线的跟踪及等高线间地貌信息的填充,根据等高线的特点,采用图像的边界检测方法实现了对非细化等高线图像的自动跟踪;采用内插和外插相结合的方法填充等高线间的地貌信息,生成的三维地形效果较好.介绍的由等高线图像生成三维地形生成方法比较简单,容易实现,而且对于系统平台的硬件和软件要求较低,适合于一些小规模、且对地形精度要求不高的三维地形的生成.

The present methods of generating 3D terrains on a large scale require advanced computer hardware support and intensive computations. Currently these methods do not support, the convenient imports of small area terrains. A simple method of generating 3D terrains based on contour images was described. The emphasis was on how to track the contours and fill the geomorphic information between the contours. According to the characteristics of the contours, the method to automatically track contour image points by image boundary detection was introduced without the need of pre-thinning. The geomorphic information between the contours was filled by a combination of interpolation and extrapolation methods with good filling effects. The proposed method of generating 3D terrains based on contour images can be easily implemented, and demands on the computer hardware and software configurations are low. The method is suitable for generating small scale 3D terrains with low accuracy requirement.