不同血钾水平1型糖尿病175例的临床特征

Analysis of Clinical Characters of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with Different Serum Potassium Levels in 175 Children and Adolescent

目的了解不同血钾水平儿童及青少年1型糖尿病临床特征。方法1型糖尿病患者175例根据血钾水平将其分为3组：A组血钾〈4 mmol/L,C组血钾≥5 mmol/L,B组血钾正常（4~5 mmol/L）。对3组性别、年龄、住院时间、伴发呕吐、感染、酮症酸中毒（DKA）的比例及生化指标等临床特征进行观察。分析血钾紊乱和不同临床表现之间的关系及可能原因。结果血钾异常组较易发生代谢紊乱及伴发症状。A组40例,其发生酮症酸中毒及感染比例比B组要高。A组血氯水平最高。C组36例,发生呕吐比例比B组高,其患儿年龄较A组小,C组入院时血糖水平在3组中最高。结论糖尿病发生代谢紊乱和急性并发症时,易并血钾异常,治疗方面应积极纠正血钾紊乱。

Objective To explore clinical characters of type 1 diabetes mellitus with different serum potassium levels in children and adolescent. Methods One hundred and seventy - five patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were reviewed, they were divided into 3 groups according to the serum potassium level. The patients whose serum potassium 〈4 mmol/L belonged to A group. The level of serum potassium in C group ≥5 mmol/L. The other patients belonged to B group,whose serum potassium level was between 4 and 5 mmol/L. Their clinical characters such as sex, age,length of stay, the rates of vomiting, infection, the rate diabetic ketoacidosis （DKA） and biochemical indicators were compared with each other. After getting the clinical characters difference among subjects of three groups, these results were analyzed with statistical methods. The relation- ship between serum potassium disorder and different clinical manifestations was observed.Results More metabolic disturbance and symptoms were found in patients of abnormal serum potassium. There were 40 cases in group A, the ratio of DKA and infection were higher than those in group B. The level of serum chlorinum of group A was the highest one among 3 groups. The mumber of patients in group C was 36. The rate of vomiting in group C patients was higher than that of group B. The group C patients were younger than those of group A. The blood glucose level of group C was the highest one at the beginning of therapy. Conclusions The serum potassium disorder happenes frequently when the diabetic patients are in metabolic unbalance and acute complications. There shall be more active managements to control the serum potassium disorders in diabetic therapy.