减轻居家痴呆照顾者负担的护理干预现状与进展

Current Situation and Advances in Nursing Interventions to Reduce the Burden on Caregivers of Homebound Dementia Patients

随着人口老龄化,痴呆发生率逐年增高,痴呆家属照顾者的负担逐渐加重,需要给予有效的社区护理干预,以促进痴呆患者及其照顾者的生活质量。本文总结了目前国外研究者在此方面的干预性研究,重点介绍了心理教育课程培训干预、环境调整干预、认知-行为干预、心理社会干预及综合性的护理干预。通过比较,目前国内的干预方式多以关注患者为主,对照顾者关注较少,在今后的研究中,可尝试多种方式,将关注患者与关注照顾者结合起来。

As the progress of population aging, the incidence rate of dementia and the burden of those family caregivers are all gradually increased. In order to improve the life quality of dementia patients and their caregivers, the community based nursing intervention is very necessary. This article reviewed the methods and effects of several foreign interventions to reduce caregivers＇burden, such as psycho-educational, home modification, cognitive- behavioral, psychosocial and comprehensive interventions. However, by comparison, the domestic nursing interventions paid more attention to dementia patients than to caregivers＇ health. In future research, we can try many modes of nursing interventions to pay attention on both the patients and the caregivers＇ health.