移植异种去细胞真皮基质的组织学观察

Histological observation of allo acellular dermal matrix transplanted

目的了解异种去细胞真皮基质移植后的组织学变化,以期为组织工程化皮肤的临床应用提供依据。方法在 SD 大鼠皮下埋植猪无细胞真皮基质。于不同时相点取样活检直至术后6个月,观察移植物的新生血管过程及组织学变化。结果移植术后3～7 d 可见新生毛细血管芽、成纤维细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞等侵入周围组织相连处。2个月后移植物内形成丰富血管网。3个月后移植真皮海绵状结构的空隙逐渐被新形成的胶原等细胞外基质所充填,空隙变小,5～6个月后接近正常真皮的组织结构。结论异种真皮替代物移植后能很快建立与周围组织的血液循环,构成的真皮结构可长时间存留于创面。

Objective To know the histological changes of the acellular dermal matrix after transplantation and give reference for the clinical use of tissue engineering skin. Method Swine acellular dermal matrix （ ADM ）, was grafted beneath the skin of SD rats and samples were collected at different time points until six months post operation for histology, immunohistochemistry and eye sight inspection. Results 48hours after transplantation, fibroblasts, neutrocytes and lymphocytes migrated into the matrixes. New capillary sprouts from the receiving beds were observed at day three. Abundant capillary nets formed one month late. The interspaces within the original matrixes narrowed gradually between two to four months. The structures became similar with the native dermis in five to six month. Conclusion The revascularization of the three dermis substitutes could establish quickly after being transplanted. The dermis substitutes could stray in the wound for a long time but some degree of absorption.