凤仙花属(Impatiens L.)10种植物花粉形态的扫描电镜观察

SEM Observation on the Pollen Grains of Ten Species in Impatiens L.(Balsaminaceae)

利用扫描电镜观察了10种凤仙花属(Impatiens L.)植物的花粉形态。结果表明:本属花粉为单粒花粉,呈长圆形至长矩圆形,大小为20.3-46.7μm,具角萌发孔,网状纹饰,网眼明显;根据花粉网状纹饰中网眼内是否具颗粒状突起可将其分为2类:(1)网眼内无或近无颗粒状突起,黄金凤(I.siculifer)和婺源凤仙花(I.wuyuanensis)的花粉纹饰属于这一类型;(2)网眼内有明显颗粒状突起,其余8个种的花粉纹饰均属于该类型。研究表明,花粉特征,特别是花粉粒网状纹饰中网眼内有无颗粒状突起及颗粒状突起的形态等特征,在凤仙花属内常具种水平上的可见变异,因而可作为种类划分的依据,它们在分类学上的价值应予以关注。

In the present study, the pollen morphology of 10 species in Impatiens L. has been examined under the scanning electron microscope （SEM）. In these species, the pollen grains are long-elliptic, goniotreme, reticulate exine ornamentation. The size of pollen grains ranges from 20.3 to 46.7 μm in diameter. Based on the exine ornamentation differentiation, pollen grains are distinctly divided into two types. One is that reticulations have no （ or few） granule such as Impatiens siculifer and I. wuyuanensis, the other is that granules are obvious including the other eight species. The results showed that the species of Impatiens can be classified on the basis of the pollen morphology, especially the granule characters of exine ornamentation. The exine sculptures are different among different species and therefore can provide some proof for identification of some species in Impatiens.