殷墟卜辞“■”为“武”字考——兼论商汤名“■”及其相关问题

On the Yinxu Oracle Inscription"■"as"武"—Also on Shang Tang's Name"■"and Its Related Problems

殷墟卜辞中的 字，作 、 、 诸形。学者过去对此字多有考释，但意见不一，归纳起来，有如下20种。

The character ＂ ＂ in Yinxu oracle inscriptions, judged by its shape, shoulcl be identified as ＂ ,＂ the early form of the character ＂wu 武 .＂ ＂ ＂ is the character ＂wu 武＂ in the ancient word ＂wuwu 武舞＂ which coincides with the character ＂ ＂ in oracle inscriptions both in form and meaning. In ancient times, the characters ＂wu 武,＂ ＂wu 舞＂ and ＂無＂ were similar in meaning and identical in pronunciation, so they were substi.tutable for each other. The Xu State of the Zhou period was located in the Xuchang-Nanyang area of present-day Henan Province. South of Xuchang was ＂Wuyang,＂ named after the Wu River, and Wugong was not far away. The concentration of the Xu State, Wuyang, the Wu River and Wugong in this zone indicates that the Wu River valley must have been ＂ 方＂ of the Yin period.