再论万家坝型铜鼓

RESTUDY OF WANJIABA-STYLE BRONZE DRUMS

一新发现和新分布 截至1990年，国内外共发现万家坝型铜鼓29件，我们曾在《考古》1990年第5期发表《论万家坝型铜鼓》一文中详述。1990年至今，新发现和此前业已发现但未公开著录的万家坝型铜鼓又有33件。故迄今为止，万家坝型铜鼓共有62件，多数分布在我国，越南和泰国有少量发现（附表一）。

The Wanjiaba-style bronze drum is the most primitive among the types of bronze drums. Involving a series of problems, such as when, where and from what it originated and how it evolved, it has long drawn great attention from academic circles. These objects are distributed primarily in Yunan, the unearthed totaling 47 pieces, then in Guangxi （three） and Sichuan （one）; those scattered abroad comprise only eight in Vietnam and three in Thailand. In 1990, the authors published a preliminary study of them in the Kaogu No. 5 based on the then available five finds. The newly discovered by now have reached 33 items, which not only enriched our knowledge of bronze drums in quantity and distribution, but also provided a lot of valuable evidence for researching into their other aspects. On this basis the present paper makes a deep-going study on Wanjiaba-style bronze drums. First of all, it deals with their distribution, typology and chronology and the new finds by means of traditional archaeological method. Next, it researches on the fields previously untouched, such as the characteristic rhomboid-net pattern and four-legged reptile design on the inner wall and the arrowhead motif on the drum face; the source of material and the composition of metal, which are studied by means of modern scientific and technological examination and test; and European, American and Japanese scholars; viewpoints.