下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药监测

DISTRIBUTION AND RESISTANCE OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS

目的：了解我院下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及其耐药性.方法：采用K-B法测定临床分离株的药物敏感性.结果：2004-05～2005-05共分离出细菌484株.其中革兰阳性球菌38株占7.9%,革兰阴性杆菌446株占92.1%.大肠埃希氏杆菌、阴沟气杆菌、聚团多源菌、肺炎克雷白杆菌、绿脓假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为主要分离菌.大肠埃希氏杆菌对喹诺酮类,氨基糖苷类药物耐药率较高,绿脓假单胞菌、变形杆菌属对三代头孢菌素及喹诺酮类药物耐药率高.而革兰阳性球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、红霉素耐药率较高.结论：细菌耐药现象严重,应合理使用抗菌药物,有效控制耐药菌感染,延缓耐药性产生.

Objective：To investigate the distribution and resistance of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Methods：Drug sensitivity tests were examined with K - B method. Results： Among 484 strains isolated from May 2004 to May 2005 in our hospital , gram - positive and gram -negative bacteria accounted for 7.9% （38/484） and 92.1% （446/484）respectively. The most prevalent isolated strains are E. coli, Aerobacter cloacae, Pantoea agglomerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli were highly resistant to quinolones and aminoglycosidic aminocyclitols. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus supp. were highly resistant to third generation cephalosporins and quinolones, while gram -positive cocci were highly resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and etythromycin. Conclusion. The situation of bacterial resistance is still serious. Therefore the rational use of antibiotics is important for the containment of bacterial resistance.